Paediatric Orthopaedics: Caring for Growing Bones and Joints

 

Children are not just small adults—their bodies are constantly growing, changing, and developing. Nowhere is this more true than in their bones and joints. A child’s skeleton is unique; it grows rapidly, remodels faster than adults’, and can correct certain problems naturally over time. But this same growth process can also make children vulnerable to specific conditions and injuries.

That’s where paediatric orthopaedics comes in. At Adam Vital Hospital, our paediatric orthopaedic specialists focus exclusively on diagnosing and treating bone, joint, and muscle conditions in children, from newborns to teenagers. The goal is simple: to help children move freely, grow healthily, and enjoy an active childhood.

What Is Paediatric Orthopaedics?

Paediatric orthopaedics is a subspecialty of orthopaedic medicine that addresses bone and joint conditions in children. Unlike adults, children’s musculoskeletal systems are still developing, which means their bones are softer, their joints more flexible, and their growth plates open.

This requires a different approach to treatment. For example, some conditions that look serious in a child may resolve on their own as the child grows, while others require early intervention to prevent long-term disability. Paediatric orthopaedic surgeons are specially trained to distinguish between these situations and provide care tailored to young patients.

Common Conditions Treated in Paediatric Orthopaedics

Children can face a wide range of orthopaedic issues, from congenital (present at birth) conditions to growth-related problems and injuries. Some of the most common include:

1. Congenital Conditions

Clubfoot: A foot deformity present at birth where one or both feet turn inward or downward.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): A condition where the hip joint does not form properly in infants, leading to instability or dislocation.

Limb Length Discrepancy: When one leg is shorter than the other, often noticed as a child grows.

2. Growth and Development Disorders

Scoliosis: An abnormal sideways curvature of the spine, often appearing in adolescence.

Knock Knees and Bow Legs: Common in young children; most cases resolve naturally, but some may require treatment if severe or persistent.

Flat Feet: A common condition where the arches of the feet do not develop properly.

3. Trauma and Injuries

Fractures: Children’s bones are softer and more flexible, making them prone to fractures—but they also heal faster.

Sports Injuries: Sprains, ligament tears, and overuse injuries are common in active children and young athletes.

4. Neuromuscular Disorders

Conditions like cerebral palsy can affect muscle tone and bone development, leading to deformities or mobility challenges.

Symptoms Parents Should Watch For

Children may not always be able to explain what’s wrong. Parents and caregivers should pay attention to signs such as:

Uneven shoulders, hips, or legs

Limping or difficulty walking

Frequent tripping or falling

Persistent pain in the joints, back, or legs

Visible deformity in arms, legs, or spine

Delay in reaching motor milestones (such as walking)

Difficulty with sports or physical activity compared to peers

Early diagnosis is crucial because some problems, if treated promptly, can be corrected completely and prevent lifelong complications.

How Are Paediatric Orthopaedic Conditions Diagnosed?

At Adam Vital Hospital, our specialists use a combination of:

Physical Examination: Observing posture, walking, and joint movement.

Imaging Tests: X-rays, ultrasounds, or MRIs for a closer look at bone and joint structures.

Growth Assessment: Evaluating growth patterns and checking if the issue might resolve naturally with age.

The child-friendly approach is always at the forefront, ensuring that little patients feel safe and comfortable during evaluations.

Treatment Options in Paediatric Orthopaedics

Treatment depends on the condition, the child’s age, and the severity of the problem. Options include:

1. Observation and Monitoring

Some conditions, like mild knock knees or bow legs, often improve naturally with growth. Regular monitoring ensures no intervention is needed unless the problem worsens.

2. Non-Surgical Approaches

Bracing and Casting: Used in conditions like clubfoot or scoliosis to guide bones and joints into proper alignment.

Physiotherapy: Strengthens muscles, improves mobility, and supports recovery after injuries.

Medications: Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medicines where necessary.

3. Surgical Treatment

In more severe cases, surgery may be required. Paediatric orthopaedic surgeons perform highly specialized procedures such as:

Correcting limb deformities

Stabilizing unstable joints

Lengthening bones in limb length discrepancy

Corrective spinal surgery for scoliosis or kyphosis

The goal is always to restore normal function while minimizing disruption to the child’s growth.

Final Thoughts

Healthy bones and joints are the foundation for a child’s active life. Paediatric orthopaedic ensures that problems—whether present at birth, caused by growth, or triggered by injury—are addressed promptly and effectively. With early diagnosis and the right treatment, children can overcome most orthopaedic challenges and enjoy a bright, active future.

At Adam Vital Hospital, our paediatric orthopaedic team is dedicated to helping children grow strong and healthy. Whether it’s correcting a congenital condition, managing scoliosis, or treating a sports injury, we are here with the expertise, advanced technology, and compassionate care that every child deserves.